What Causes Foundation Problems?

When it comes to protecting your home’s structural integrity, your foundation is the most important element. But while many homeowners think of foundation problems as rare or unpredictable, the reality is quite different: most issues stem from very predictable regional factors—especially here in Southern Wisconsin.

At Bollerud Masonry, we’ve seen how geography, weather, soil type, and even local building practices contribute to foundation movement, cracking, or settling. If you own a home in Milton, Janesville, or the surrounding areas, understanding these causes is the first step in preventing serious damage.

Here’s a breakdown of the most common causes of foundation problems—both nationally and right here in our region.

Nationwide Foundation Threats

1. Soil Expansion and Contraction

Clay-heavy soils expand when wet and contract when dry. This constant swelling and shrinking creates movement under the foundation—leading to cracks, shifting, and stress on load-bearing structures.

2. Poor Drainage

If water doesn’t drain properly away from your home, it accumulates near the foundation and saturates the soil. Over time, this weakens the soil’s ability to support your home evenly, causing differential settling.

3. Plumbing Leaks or Underground Water

A slow plumbing leak under the slab or basement can saturate the soil without obvious surface symptoms. It’s one of the most overlooked contributors to long-term damage.

4. Improper Site Preparation

In newer developments, builders may pour foundations over poorly compacted fill or unstable ground. As that soil settles over time, the foundation shifts with it.

5. Tree Root Interference

Large trees planted too close to the home may absorb too much moisture from the soil, drying it out unevenly—or their roots may physically push against the foundation.

Foundation Issues in Wisconsin: What’s Unique to Our Region

Here in Rock County and Southern Wisconsin, foundation problems are often shaped by climate and soil composition. The combination of freeze-thaw cycles, silty-clay soils, and historic building styles can lead to distinct problems.

1. Frost Heave

In winter, moisture in the ground freezes and expands—pushing up against foundations and footings. When the frost thaws, the soil settles unpredictably. Over time, this cycle can cause cracking and bowing, especially in older block foundations.

2. Heavy Rainfall & Flooding

Our region occasionally sees heavy rainfall in short periods, overwhelming outdated drainage systems. Water pooling near foundations or improperly graded landscapes leads to long-term moisture saturation.

3. Clay-Rich Soils

Milton, Janesville, and surrounding areas feature soil with a high clay content. These soils are notorious for expansion and shrinkage, which stresses foundations unevenly—especially if downspouts or grading aren’t maintained properly.

4. Older Foundations

Many homes in Southern Wisconsin were built decades ago with concrete block or stone foundations. These materials—while sturdy—are more prone to shifting, mortar failure, and water intrusion if not properly maintained or reinforced.

What Can Homeowners Do?

Being proactive is key. If you notice:

• Cracks in drywall or brick
• Doors and windows sticking
• Uneven floors
• Water intrusion in your basement

...you may be dealing with foundation movement or stress.

At Bollerud Masonry, we offer free consultations and foundation inspections for homeowners throughout Milton and the surrounding area. We specialize in masonry repair, tuckpointing, wall bracing, foundation stabilization, and custom drainage solutions—all with a deep understanding of local soil and weather conditions.

Protect Your Investment with Local Expertise

Foundation problems don’t resolve themselves—and the longer you wait, the more costly the repair can become. If you suspect any issues, or simply want a professional eye on your home’s structure, call the team that knows Wisconsin foundations from the ground up.

Contact Bollerud Masonry today to schedule your inspection or request an estimate. Let’s build—and preserve—a stronger foundation for your home.